Lettering brush



E, C. WOOD LETTERING BRUSH July 3l, 1934.

Filed May 25, 1933 Patented July 31, 1934 Unirse STATES LETTERING BRUSH V.Edwin c. WooaEast orange, N. J. Application May 23, 1933, serial Nq. 672,393;

' 13 claims. (01.120-111) brush, and further to improve the manner ofv 10. filling or charging the stylus with ink to its capacity and withcleanliness and speed.

Another feature lies in the provision of contour variants in'the writing surfaces of such brushes, whereby the typev of letter, its thickness` in its various letter proportions may be varied during the stroking of thebrush to form the letter. 1

, Other features will be apprehended as. the herein descriptionproceeds and it is obvious that Y modifications may be made in the` structures herein disclosed without departing from the 'spirit hereof or the scope ofthe appendedclaims.

In the drawing, f

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal stylus, showing the details thereof;

Figs. 2 3 and 4, are sectional views taken on lines 2 2, 3 3 and 4 4 Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmental partially sectioned View of the stylus point of Fig.1;

Fig. 6 is a characteristic ink stroke made by the styluspoint of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a view in elevation, ofthe capillary reciprocable ink retaining core and its assembled plunger connections;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged end view of Fig. 1; g-

Fig.v9 is a View of an alternate form of capillary' reciprocable ink retaining core for a brush type of lettering stylus;

Fig.10 shows a modified brush stylus; l

Fig.` 11 is a sectional view takenl onv the line 11 11, Fig.` 10 looking in the direction of' the arrows;

broad orbrush type of Fig. 12 is a fragmented side view of the brushV end of the stylus shown in Fig.'10;

Fig. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary View in elevation, of the ink holding core of Fig. 10, showing the capillary ink holding channels ;l

Fig. 14 is a sectional view of Fig. 13 taken on line 14 14 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 15 is an end viewof Fig.,13 showing the core point and the manner of channeling to provide ink retaining and flow capillaries;

Fig. 16 is a greatly enlarged, fragmented cross.

sectionA taken on line 16 16,` Fig. 13, looking in sectionof one form of the direction ofthe arrows, to, show one form of capillary ink retaining channels; e Fig. 17 is an elevationalV view, fragmented,` to show another core having capillary ink retaining channels' for the stylus form of writing device; Fig. 18 is an end viewvther'eof; Fig. 19 shows a characteristic ink stroke of the brush of Fig. 10, made with its narrow face;

Fig. 20 illustrates another characteristicl ink stroke made with the'flat, yor broadface of the brush of Fig.v 10; y Y Fg. 21 is a fragmented'brushend ofthe core like that of Figs. 10 and 13 showing gapsvinlthe body thereof, to make ink strokes like that shown 1`nFig. 22 ;v f Fig. 22 shows a mark made .by apen constructed as shownin Fig. 21;

Fig.23 is an enlarged'fragmenta'ry View of stylus end ofthe device of Figi', shownin section;v M Fig. 24is a side View of theplunger shown in Fg.9; j fi*ik Fig. 25 affra ented s ctional View of a stylus end with end capillaries; and Fig. 26 is lan end view of Fig.v 25 showing the capillary channelsin the end face thereof. In the present device, ythe structural features in the two forms shown in the drawing are substantially alike, and' accordinglyflikefparts bear the same indices in the various Views, where-the structures orv functions thereof are alike. In Fig. 1 is shown one form vof, lettering implement, and inasmuch as its lettering point is cylindrical in contour, it is herein referred to as a stylus. It comprises-an outer cylindrical casing, preferably of a phenolic condensation compound, such as Bakelite, orits equivalent, in-A the bore of whichv is mounted a manually reciprocable-plunger-ink retainer assembly,shown .in Fig- .17. -In this latter figure, there is shownva wire-rod 8 having xed on its u pperend, a plungerv cap 9,. l its lower end havingaflixed theretoa-capillary ink-retaining core 2. As in Fig. 1, the lower end ofthe casing is threadedly connected atf3, to a metallic sty1us point A1, the shoumer 4 thereof.`

engaging the lower edge ofthe cylinder a friction tight t.

Due tothe reciprocal action offthe assembly v2 8-9* within the bore of the casing 5, espe-- cially when the capillary core 21s being charged, and when being unloaded ofits ink charge during the lettering action, a Vent 6Fig; 1 must be provided so. that the ac t of charging the stylus .with

inkandits' automatic discharge -from the stylus.

is smooth in action, and instantaneous. The vent Vupper operative position as in Fig. 1.

,7, and extremely small.

As in Figs. 1 and 23, the plunger rod assembly 2-8-9 is held upwardly in operative position by a coiled spring 7, which extends between and contacts with the under shoulder of head 9 and the upper shoulder at the threaded end 3 o-f the stylus Vl, as in Fig. 23, the spring 7 beingthreaded on the rod 8. As this constructed pressure upon 9, thrusts the capillary ink retaining core 2 downwardly and out of stylus l, it is then dipped in a uid writing medium such as a drawing ink, or the like, and because of the construction ofthecore 2, later to be described, the core is imme diately charged with the ink, upon :which the plunger 9 is released, and the; capillary core j2 is drawn back into the stylus, to its lettering position, as in Figs. 1, 5 and 23.

In all figures where the cap1llary ink holding core 2, hereinafter referred toas the core, is shown', it will be noted that it comprises a body 2, pref# erably of metal though other non-metallic materials may be used, of any desired cross section, that is, it may be cylindrical as in Figs. 1-4 and 18 or rectangular, as in Figs. 10 and 15. Further,v the bodyV 2 is provided with a plurality of fine, or extremely narrow capillary groves G therein. A

InA cylindrical pointedv stylus like that of Figs. 1-4 and 18, of extremely small diameter, the core 2 ,will naturally be of small diameter and the capillariesG will`, if of necessity be few inY number As the stylus is increased in diameter, the core increases in diameter and naturallyv the number ofY capillariesl G are increased, greatly increasing the ink storage capacity. It has been found byrexperiment, though notv necessarily being a limitation, that cores,

with the larger proportion of their capillary chane discharge of writingfluid` in con nels G'cut longitudinally thereof use,

drop of fluid heid therein, and the ink new from the stylus at the beginningof the use of a fully charged stylus, does not flood out. Thus the capillaries-not only greatly increase the ink carrying capacity of the stylus or brush but fully control the inkdischarge therefrom, evenly, from the fully charged to the final empty condition o-f the core.

In the cylindrical type of core, as in Figs. 5 and 8, the channels G are cut longitudinally of the core 2., and as in Fig. 8, 'are sunkin, radially, as deep as is permissible, without cutting through or into one another. These cuts may be from .01 to .02 of an'inch in` width, depending upon the viscosity of the fluid used and of any permissible depth, depending on the dimensions of th'e'core.

It has been noted, in practice, that it isl not. Jnecessary to plungev the core into thewritingv medium its full length to charge it, ifv it is dipped in the writing medium onlyA a short distance of; its length it immediately `rllls, through capillary attraction, to the full` extent of its; capillaryv capacity,

In the brush type of implement, as shown ,in

being, narrow inV one. dimension and wide at its other dimension, and4 is thus capable of making a thin, line as inFig.. 19, D. when it is moved in the direction' of the arrow DFig. 10, and is capa-I ble ofV .makinga solid broad line, as,E,I-in Fig.

give a more even down to the lastA 20, or any intermediate width of line between the dimensions of the two lines D and E.

In using bo-th the stylus and brush types, they are held vertically to the surface being printed or written upon as at Fig. 5, where the stylus of Fig. 1 is shown with its point and core squarely set upon the writing or printing plane P, thus to create a line like that shown at F in Fig. 6, when moved inn the direction of the yadjacent arrow. f v

To create the necessary capillary action for holdingthe extra supply of ink in the brush 2 of Fig. l0, as will be noted, the core'end 2, the am plied exterior surface of the core is cut into by a series` of narrow, deep capillary channels, generally 'denoted by G, in the enlarged views 13, 14,- 15 and2l. In the said views the both wide sides. of theboreV are out into, and as indicated in the still further amplified view of Fig. 16,

`which isal section taken on line lil- 16, Fig. 13,

these cuts G are staggered, so that each alternate top and bottom cut, Fig. 16, is overlapped by the alternate opposite cut, at their respective bot toms. This thus provides for deep narrow capillary ink, retaining channels of considerablestorage capacity, having such ideal surface tension, thatY considerable ink may be drawn` into the channels G and held with little tendency, of release therefromexcept when contact with the writing surface P,.Fig 5.

In order to provide a freelyeacting outletfor the stored ink inthe body of" the core 2 Figs. 10 and 12, and also to provide a narrow transverse writing point the front writing edge of the core 2, as in Figs. 12 and 14, is tapered on both faces thus 'leaving a narrow writinge'eface 10. This writing face 10 is traversed byka narrow capillary channel H, Figs. 14 and l5, which latter is a front view of said vwriting face. Further it. will be notedthat the top capillaries G, Fig. 14, are cut so that their bottoms I are inthe same plane as the bottom of writing slot H, fully shown by the indice I-I, and the associate dotted lines, Fig. 16.

Thus constructed, itwill be noted that allV the capillaries Gland H, aste-provide for full width of inkflow without gaps for any stroke of the brush 2 of Fig. 10, the writing capillary H, creating a solid line acrossv the face of the width for the solid wide stroke and the storage capillaries G due to their bottom overlap as in Fig. 16, feeding smoothly into I-l, and providing for a solid line the fullwidth of the narrow stroke, as in Fig. 19.

The otherdetails of the structure of the brush, Fig.,10, are as follows, the outer box like casing 5 is of rectangular cross section, and is hollow, and reciprocably mounts a rectangular plunger construction shown in Fig. 9, comprising a manually manipulable head 9, a brush end 2, having the before described capillariesG and I-I, with the tapered narrow writing face 10. The core 2 is joined-'to the head9 by two narrowsconnecting arms 8-8 which are spaced apart to form a spring slot 7', in which slot is mounted a spring 7, Fig. 10, the other end of the compression spring 7 rests against a pin 13, which is'passed through and xedly mounted in the casing 5, and rides Vin slot 'l'. Two similar pins 12, 12 similarly mounted, act as abutment stops for the back movement of theplunger, as they contact with theshoulders 14-14 of the plunger. A vent 6 is also provided for the same purpose as described for Fig. 1.

The-plunger core center, between the capillary end andthe head end 9 isthinner, between the lines 17-18, including thev ribs 8 8, than the thickness shown in Fig. 11, thisbeing shown by the dotted lines 19, Fig. 12. This is for the purpose of preventing the ink, during use and iilling from capillary creeping up, within the casing, to the head 9.

When the plunger head 9 is pressed, the plunger structure is pushed forward from its operative Writing position'to the ink charging position A, shown dotted, in Fig. 10. To charge the core 2 With ink it is only necessary to dip the core part Way into a writing medium and itimmediately picks up a charge.

In sign Writing or lettering, the Writing point 10 is normally extended beyond the adjacent end 15 of casing 5, as in Figs. 10 and 12, a short distance only, and it is ready for operation.

vIn Fig. 21 there is shown a fragment of an en- Y larged core G, as in Fig. 10, in which the core has non-capillary slots 11-11 cut therein so as to provide for clear lines 16-16, Fig. 22, in the black line. In some forms of lettering these clear lines or stripes add attractive effects to the lettering.

Another form of cylindrical stylus is shown in Figs. 17 and 18, the difference being in the arrangement oi the storage or feeder capillaries and the Writing capiilaries. In Fig. 10 the storage capillaries have their own Writing outlets as Well as feed into the feeding outlet I-I, Whereas in the modification shown in Figs. 17 and 18, the core 2 is cylindrical, is provided with a plurality of spaced annularV storage capillaries G, and these are traversed by a plurality of vertical Writing or 'ffeeding capillaries J, which are radially cut into the cross sectional area, Fig. 18, and thus join all the annular storage capillaries above the Writing face 1G.

In Figs. 25-26, there is shown a further provvision of capillary channels, these, however being provided in the end face of the stylus casing I, as at 20. These capillary grooves 20' are cut into theend face of the stylus casing 1, and control the precise iiow of ink from the core 2, across the Writing face of the casing l.

Inall forms of capillary core shown in the various gures it is to be understood that the bore of the portion of the stylus or casing immediately surrounding the capillary core, or ink holding portion, is somewhat larger in dimension than the core itself, and that, therefore, the inner Wall surface of the stylusor casing itself also creates a surrounding capillary about the core, and also serves to hold the ink in reserve until used by letr,jtering In practice the core itself may be smaller in dimension than the bore of the casing to accomplish the same results. This capillary space is shown at 20, Fig. 23.

In either form, as above noted, the ink storage capacity is greatly increased and adds to the perfect action of the brush.

Having thus described the invention What I claim is:

l. A lettering brush comprising an outer casing having a stylus thereon, a capillary ink retaining core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the stylus and means for automatically retracting said core.

2. A lettering brush comprising an outer casing Ahaving a stylus thereon, a capillary ink retaining core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the stylus, means for automatically retracting said core and a Vent located adjacent to said core.

3. A lettering brush, including a casing having a stylus thereon, a fluidretainingcore therein, means for manually projecting said core from thel stylus to charge it With fluid, and means for Aretracting the core into the casing after charging, said core being provided With a plurality of capillary channels therein.

4. A lettering brush, including a casing, a capillary iiuid retaining core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the casing to charge it with fluid, and means iorautomatically retracting the core into the casing after charging, said core being provided with a plurality of intercommunicating capillary channels therein.

v5. A lettering brush, including a casing, a capillary fluid retaining core therein, said core being provided With a plurality of intercommunicating capillary channels therein, means for manually projecting said core from the casing to charge it withl fluid, means for automatically retracting the core into the casing after charging, and means for stopping the core in its retracted position in lettering relation to the casing.

6.v A lettering brush comprising an outer casing, a channeled, capillary 'ink retaining core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the casing, means for automatically retracting said core, a vent located adjacent to said core and means for positioning the end of said. co-re in spaced lettering relation to the end of said casing.

'7. A lettering brush comprising an outer casing having a stylus thereon, a channeled, capillary ink retaining core therein, a plunger for manually projecting said core from the stylus, a spring in said casing, for automatically retracting said core, a vent located adjacent to said core `and stops in said casing for positioning the end of said retracted core in flush lettering relation to the end of said stylus.

8. A lettering brush, including a casing, a fluid retaining, lettering core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the casing toy tracting the core into the casing after charging,-

said core being pro-vided with a plurality of capillary fluid storage channels therein, the lettering face of said core being provided with a capillary channel, all of said fluid storage channels being in communcation with the channel on said lettering face.

10. A lettering brush, including a casing, a iiuid retaining lettering faced core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the casing to charge it With fluid, and means for automatically retracting the core into the casing after charging, said core being provided with a plurality of capillary ink storage channels therein, the lettering face of said core being tapered and having a lettering capillary channel therein With Which saidcapillary ink storage channels communicate.

11. A lettering brush comprisingA an outer casing havingV a stylus thereon, a channeled, capil- Ilary ink retaining lettering core therein, means for manually projecting said core from the cas- "fiel ing, said core being provided with a plurality of capillary channels therein and being spaced. from the Walls of said casing.

13. A lettering brush comprising an outer casing having a stylus thereon, a reciprocatable, channeled capillary ink retaining core therein, both the face of the stylus and the core forming a common Writing face and plural capillary grooves in the Writing face of said stylus and core.

EDWIN C. WOOD. 

